Use of the Word Analogies in the ESL Classroom

Using words analogies is a useful way of building vocabulary. Word analogies can be created using many different categories. Here is a simple example of a word analogy: Hot is to cold as up is to down OR hot - cold | up - down This is an example of a word analogy using antonyms. Here are a number of word analogies in a wide variety of categories.   Word Analogies: Antonyms or Opposites hot - cold | up - downblack - white | happy - sadlaugh - cry | rich - poorcrazy - sane | large - small Word Analogies: Relationships Expressing a Part of the Whole eye - head | finger - handcent - dollar | inch - footeraser - pencil | CPU - computerwheel - car | sink - plumbing Word Analogies: Relationships Between Numbers one - two | two - four1/2 - 1 | 10 - 20six - thirty-six | two - four100 - 1,000 | 1,000 - 10,000 Word Analogies: Sequences breakfast - lunch | morning - afternoonMonday - Tuesday | AM - PMwork - earn | plant - harvestleave - arrive | get up - go to sleep Word Analogies: Objects and Their Uses (noun - verb) pen - write | food - eatlawn - mow | coffee - drinksugar - sweeten | ball - throwbutton - push | letter - mail Word Analogies: Objects and Their Users (thing - person) library - student | computer - programmercar - driver | piano - musicianbrush - painter | football - quarterbackdoll - child | cell phone - teenager Word Analogies: Grammatical Relationships I - me | He - himdrive - driven | fly - flownto think - thinking | to shout - shoutingsome - any | already - yet Word Analogies: Group Relationships student - class | member - clubplayer - team | representative - congressjudge - court | policeman - police forceviolin player - orchestra | teller - bank Word Analogies: Cause and Effect (adjective - verb) thirsty - drink | tired - sleepdirty - wash | funny - laughwet - dry | hot - cool downcurious - ask | sad - cry

Music Of Mozart Effect On Children - 1266 Words

The â€Å"Mozart effect† is a statement based on research studies claiming that listening to the music of Mozart may produce an increase in your IQ and performance in certain types of mental tasks. This effect was applied not just to adults, but later also to unborn and postpartum babies up to 60 days old. The â€Å"Mozart effect† stemmed from research carried out in 1993 by researchers Frances H. Rauscher, Gordon L. Shaw and Katherine N. Ky at the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory at UC Irvine, California. Other research studies have found no statistics to support the â€Å"Mozart effect†. These studies gained media attention which resulted in the phrase â€Å"Mozart effect†. Numerous studies have been carried out since the initial 1993†¦show more content†¦Gordon L. Shaw a physicist and Katherine N. Ky (the ‘Rauscher 1993’ study) all researchers at the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory at UC Irvine, California. They conducted a study where a group of 36 adult college students were exposed to Mozart’s Sonata in D Major for Two Pianos (K448), followed by a relaxation tape or silence – the â€Å"three conditions†. Each exposure lasted for 10 minute intervals followed by three sets of IQ spatial reasoning tests using the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale which is a standardized test to measure intelligence. All of the students were given the same test designed to measure spatial IQ, which involved them mentally unfolding a piece of paper that has been folded multiple times and cut. The goal was to select the correct unfolded paper from five examples. The results of the experiment showed those students who listened to the Mozart Sonata scored significantly higher than the students who listened to the relaxation tape or sat in silence. The average score for those students who listened to Mozart was an 8-9 point increase in IQ. This increase however was only temporary lasting for no longer than 10-15 minutes. The researcher’s findings were published in the October 14, 1993 edition of the international journal ‘Nature’, which publishes new and innovative research in diverse scientific categories. The article garnered a lot of media and public attention and speculation which resulted in

Essay on Into the Wild Book vs. Movie - 956 Words

Into the Wild: Book vs. Movie Into the Wild happens to be my favorite book, and also one of my favorite movies. Most people like one or the other, but I think the two complement each other because of the varied stances taken on the main character himself. In case you’re not familiar, Into the Wild is based on the true story of Chris McCandless who, after graduating with honors from Emory University in 1990, gave his entire savings of twenty-four thousand dollars to charity and set off following his dream of living off the land in the Alaskan wilderness. McCandless made it to Alaska, but died shortly after taking residence in an abandoned bus; he probably passed from eating the wrong deadly plant or possibly from starvation. The book was†¦show more content†¦Although the book doesn’t follow the chronological order of the exact events that took place either, it does it in a different way than the movie. In contrast to the film, we learn about Chris McCandless in the same order as the writer, John Krakauer, did himself. Krakauer starts the book with a tone of hopelessness that is not shared in the movie. In the beginning, Krakauer, and Chris’s parents visit the bus where their son’s dead body was discovered. The movie is all from Chris’s perspective, and the book is a pieced together look at Chris through the eyes of his family, mainly his sister, friends he made along the way and pretty much any other outsider with an opinion on Chris’s life and death. The film and the book present McCandless in different, but similar ways; some may say it’s the difference between fact and fiction. Both are obviously interpretations of Chris McCandless’s life and death, but I find the book to be more factual. Krakauer dug in deep, and got extensive interviews from the few people Chris considered to be his friends. In fact, the majority of the first chapter in the book is based on the memory of Jim Gallien, the man w ho dropped Chris off at the head of the Stampede Trail in Alaska. The movie, on the other hand, starts with actor, Emile Hersh, who plays McCandless, reading Chris’s own words from personal journals. The book looks at Chris as more of a tragic psychologicalShow MoreRelatedBooks vs Movies1204 Words   |  5 PagesBooks Vs. Movies Why are audiences so upset with the way the movie turned out after reading the book? † Ask any reader who has seen the movie version of a favorite book, and the answer will usually be, the book was better.† (Corliss,  2005, p.  1)They are frequently disappointed because the movie versions are not sticking to their all-time favorite book. Growing up with books like Harry Potter, as readers or having someone reading to us our minds wonder off to this mystical land, picturing how ourRead MoreTaming of the Shrew Compare and Contrast Essay628 Words   |  3 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay â€Å"William Shakespeare vs Franco Zeffirelli: Who Did it Better?† â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew† by William Shakespeare, is a very notorious play that has been rewritten and turned into multiple Hollywood films. One very popular version of the famous play is the movie directed by Mr. Franco Zeffirelli. Although most think that this version is the most accurate representation of the original play, there are still many distinct differences. One of these key differences canRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Wild West : The Mythical Cowboy And Social Theory ``1707 Words   |  7 Pagesthe setting is created, the shaping of the plot, and how the movie molds the human experiences and social relationships. Many historians like Richard Slotkin believe that all these aspects are what make up old western movies. These aspects will be supported with information from Slotkin’s book â€Å"Gunfighter Nation†, Will Wright’s book â€Å"The Wild West: The Mythical Cowboy and Social Theory†, John White’s book â€Å"Westerns†, and Jane Tompkin’s book â€Å"West of Everything, The Inner life of Westerns† and variousRead MoreEssay on Erikson and the Wild Strawberries1729 Words   |  7 PagesErikson and the Wild Strawberries In the Life Cycle Completed by Erik H. Erikson, Erikson talks about the stages in life those stages range from infancy to elderly age. The stages are basic trust vs. basic mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generatively vs. stagnation, and finally integrity vs. despair. In Wild Strawberries the character Isak Borg goes through all the stages that EriksonRead MoreAnalysis Of Animal Subjects Of The Graphic Novel 1158 Words   |  5 Pagesthey are still segregated from us. â€Å"Otherness† is not exclusive to animated works; animals are a popular trend in children’s literature. Take Stuart Little by E.B. White as an example. The children’s book was created into a movie, but the focus is specifically on the book. Throughout E.B. White’s book, Stuart acts in animal and human ways. He is raised as the son of two human parents, drives a small car, and patriciates in a sailboat race of all things. But like a normal mouse he has issues with theRead MoreIn Search of the Unknown: Apocalypse Now1584 Words   |  6 PagesSearch of the Unknown Apocalypse Now is a film based on the story Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad. By analyzing the book, the readers do not just understand the theme and plot of the story, but also makes readers look back in the 19th century Colonialism and see how the world worked under Imperialism. The movie, Apocalypse Now also correlates with the book, but this time the setting does not take place in the 19th century, but in the 20th century when United States was at war with VietnamRead MoreWizard of Oz1706 Words   |  7 PagesThe Wizard of Oz The Wizard of Oz is a classic American film interpreted from L. Frank Baum’s book published in 1900. We have all seen the film as a child and enjoy it equally as adults. It is a film we watch repeatedly to experience the wonders of our imaginations. There are many key elements that have made this film a notorious childhood memory as well as an American classic that we have treasured for generations. How could we forget the magical characters, the music, and the outstandingRead MoreLiteracy Learner1729 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents would receive small instructional assistance. With this help they would be challenged but in a different way to help push them to the advance level. Teachers match students with books at appropriate levels of difficulty because students are more likely to be successful when they are reading books that are not too easy or too difficult (Tompkins, 2008). Research have identified three reading levels that take into account student’s ability to recognize words automatically read fluentlyRead MoreHistory Through Music And Movies1597 Words   |  7 PagesHistory through Music and Movies Tuesday/Thursday 10:00 - 11:15 a.m. ideas to follow: youth vs. the world/ youth vs. adults The Youth Vs The World The Treasure Island movies can be utilized in order to view the youth s stance compared to adults during their respective time period. Treasure Island, a book created by Robert Louis Stevenson, depicts the story of a young boy who suddenly finds himself on a wild adventure after acquiring a treasure map. Jim and his new shipmates discover most of theRead MoreDaniel Holland . Professor Milford . 1102 . 5/3/17 . Magical1586 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor milford 1102 5/3/17 Magical world vs. The real world In the movie pan s labyrinth, by Guillermo Del Toro, the lines between the magic world and the spirit world run a parallel from the view of the corrupted adults and the view of an innocent child. This comparison is significant because of, the many scenes and examples given by del Toro. Throughout this research paper you will learn about the comparisons of the 7 scenes from the movie and why they prove that the magic and real world

William Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet - 2441 Words

William Shakespeare’s famous play Romeo and Juliet is filled with serious decisions. The two title â€Å"star-crossed lovers,† Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet, not only decide to get married mere days after their first meeting, but also choose to carry out a ridiculous plan to avoid an unwanted marriage and eventually kill themselves (prologue). Although such subject matter is not often found in young adult novels, the impulsivity of this behavior is a mark of Romeo and Juliet’s teenage inexperience. Their immaturity ultimately results in drastic consequences— namely, their own deaths; however, their naivetà © was not a hazard for the entirety of the play. The way it affects their decisions and relationships with others changes over time, different at the start of the book before they meet than at the end, when they both finally make the monumental decision to commit suicide. Before they first encounter each other, Romeo and Juliet’s immaturity i s harmless, but after their first meeting and as their relationship develops, it begins to prove dangerous. At the beginning of the book, before Romeo and Juliet have met, their immaturity is still evident; however, it affects their relationships with others very differently from the way it does later on in the play. Because they are still young, the people around them, like their parents and friends, don’t see their inexperience as a potential hazard. They continue to treat Romeo and Juliet like children, for that is really what theyShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1287 Words   |  6 PagesLizzy Baginski English Composition 2 Mr. Spera March 10, 2015 Romeo and Juliet Research Paper The movie Romeo and Juliet is a modern classic film that took place in 1996. Overall this is a timeless story that everyone should go and watch. This movie has an intriguing plot line that tells the story of two feuding families, The Montagues and The Capulets, and how the children of these two different families fall in love. The two children overcome various obstacles such as hiding their chemistry fromRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet 966 Words   |  4 Pages Beauty Over Gold â€Å"Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold.--William Shakespeare, 1623. In his book As You Like It, William Shakespeare pointed out the supremacy of love rather than the want of gold and wealth. Truly, beauty is more important to thieves than wealth. Many of the thieves in this world would rather have an elegant woman than to obtain precious rubies. After all, what good is a prosperous man if he doesn’t have a charming woman? Two famous men grab my attention who didn’t fear forRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesRomeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. The plot is based on an ItalianRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe play Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare s most popular plays during his lifetime and, along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers. Romeo and Juliet belongs to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. Its plot is based onRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet861 Words   |  4 Pagesgreatly shown in the play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. It was love at first sight with Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet. Meeting at a party and falling in love to get married without even spending quality time with each other. Romeo and Juliet couldn t tell there parents because the Capulets and Montagues are long term rivals. Both Romeo and Juliet had to find different ways and excuses to make this marriage work. A big problem was developed. Romeo kills Juliet s cousin and is banishedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1770 Words   |  8 Pagesof Romeo and Juliet. The story of two destined lovers who were killed by their own doing. But what if they weren t two destined lovers who got unlucky, but doomed partners that were never going to have a good-life to begin with.William Sha kespeare gives us a view of early signs of gang conflict in the early age of Verona, Italy. He gives us a perspective of the norms and customs of Italy during the Setting of William Shakespeare s most famous story. Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, givesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1616 Words   |  7 Pageslove can also cause some of life s most controversial battles. These battles could stem from lack of patience, disagreement of moral values, and in some cases, an absence of attraction overall. In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, the issues that drive Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet s to each of their dreadful misfortunes are inevitable. When it comes to many of Shakespeare s plays, Aristotle s theory is used to describe them as tragedies. Romeo and Juliet is known by many as a tragedyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1264 Words   |  6 Pagestheater-going public the most important dramatist in English literature, Shakespeare oc cupies a well-known position in the world of talented authors. His canon contains thirty-seven plays, written in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Additionally, throughout the years, they continue to sustain critical attention, with the majority of his works circling tragedies, one being Romeo and Juliet. William Shakespeare s Romeo and Juliet speaks to the timeless appeal of star-crossed lovers. Their loveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet924 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy that follows the so-called love of two teenagers. The two fall in love at a masked ball and have a secret marriage. Throughout the play, their actions show how ridiculous love is, and how it is a danger to anyone who become twisted in its choking grasp. However, in the death of the youth and survival of the elders, an alternative explanation for the tragic events may be found. Although Shakespeare seems to be mocking love throughout the play, itRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words   |  6 Pagesour lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Night’s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisement for Romeo and Juliet. The basic structure of the two dramas is the same; two forbidden lovers meet

The Metropolitan Museum Of Art - 1484 Words

In the Metropolitan Museum of Art, two paintings are exhibited taking place in the 1800s. These artists have similarities and differences viewpoints of the environment in their painting and it helps people get a glance of what the 1800s were like. The first painting was by a man named George Caleb Bingham. Bingham was born March 20, 1811, Augusta County, Virginia to Mary Amend and Henry Vest Bingham and died July 7, 1879, in Kansas City, Missouri. Bingham was a self taught artist. He’s well known for his painting like The Country Election. He was actually a Democratic activist and used his art to demonstrate his position. Bingham’s nationality was American. His famous art piece was titled Fur Traders Descending the Missouri. This†¦show more content†¦Three specific details that indicate that the artist is a close observer are one, the blood marks on the duck that one can assume his son shot at in order to eat on their way to their trade point. Two, if observed closely, one can see a flock of birds flying toward the sunlight draw lightly to demonstrate the illusion of afar. Three, one can see native symbols on the quilt that the son is leaning on. The painting is painted as if the viewers are on land watching the father and son rowing the boat towards possibly the end of the Mississippi river. The water is clear and it reflects everything in the boat. Both the father and son are calm. The son is lounging and the father is smoking a pipe giving off a calm mood. The artist uses curves to help demonstrate the son’s boredom by making look as if he’s slouching. Bingham made the father and son’s body to connect and make a semicircle. Bingham uses spring colors, happy colors, to portray a relaxed mood. He uses soft colors, for instance the soft red color of the father shirt and the matte color black of the cat’s fur the keep the tranquil feeling. The second painting was by a man named Winslow Homer. Homer was born in February 24, 1836, Boston, Massachusetts to Charles Savage Homer and Henrietta Benson Homer. He attended the National Academy of Design, which helped him develop as an artist. Homer was very artistic he did drawing, wood engraving, oil painting, and watercolor paintingShow MoreRelatedThe Metropolitan Museum Of Art Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesYork City, The Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of the largest and most influential art museums in the world. The Met houses an extensive collection of curated works that spans throughout various time periods and different cultures. The context of museum, especially one as influential as the Met, inherently predisposes its visitors to a certain set of understandings that subtly influence how they interpret and ultimately construct meanings about each individual object within the museum. Brent PlateRead MoreThe Metropolitan Museum Of Art1480 Words   |  6 PagesLamass us at the Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York has two lamassus in the Ancient Near Eastern Art Gallery that are standing near the reliefs that line the walls that come from various rooms in the Assyrian palace of Ashurnasirpal II. The Human-Headed Winged Lion and the Human-Headed Winged Bull is from the Assyrian city of Nimrud in the Ancient Near East during the year 883-859 B.C. The Lamassus were placed outside the palace, on the sides of the doorway likeRead MoreThe Metropolitan Museum Of Art1458 Words   |  6 PagesCountless art has been sought-after throughout history. Explorers, scientists, art collectors, politicians, and entrepreneurs from Western nations have sought out and removed art from the lands of great civilizations, often with the assistance and participation of local people and governments. Even as cultural property faces immediate danger today in conflict zones like Syria and Mali, there is circumstantial evidence that some nations are awakening to the political and foreign policy benefits thatRead MoreThe Metropolitan Museum Of Art Essay1486 Words   |  6 PagesNew York City, The Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of the largest and most influential art museums in the world. The Met houses an extensive collection of curated works that spans throughout various time periods and different cultures. The context of museums, especially one as influential as the Met, inherently predisposes its visitors to a set of understandings that subtly influence how they interpret and ultimately construct meanings about each individual object within a museum. By analyzing twoRead MoreThe Visit At The Metropolitan Museum Of Art1310 Words   |  6 PagesOver the thanksgiving break I visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Met is an art museum in New York City that has a variety of ancient artwork from different cultures and time periods. There is paintings and sculptures from Ancient Egypt, Ancient Rome and Greece. The museum is additionally home to artwor k from many different time periods including ancient Near Eastern Art, Middle Ages and Europe during the Renaissance. The Met also has artwork from many different religions such as ChristianityRead MoreEssay A Day at the Metropolitan Museum of Art918 Words   |  4 PagesA Day at the Metropolitan Museum of Art I. Jan van Eyck’s â€Å"Last Judgment† Jan van Eyck was active since 1422 and died in 1441. He was the most celebrated painter of the fifteen-century in Europe. One of his famous works is â€Å"The Last Judgment†. At first sight this work immediately attracted my attention. The painting’s stunning colors and the fact that it reminded me of a previous similar work I have seen, triggered in my mind. The material that is used is oil on canvas, transferredRead MoreDatabase Analysis : The Metropolitan Museum Of Art878 Words   |  4 Pagesis the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. On April 13, 1870, the Metropolitan Museum of Art was opened to the public. Located in New York City, it is the largest museum in the United States, with a collection of more than two million works of art, spread among seventeen departments. According to their website, â€Å"the Museum’s two-million-square-foot building houses over two million objects, tens of thousands of which are on view at any given time†. (The Metropolitian Museum of Art, 2000-2014)Read MoreMy Experience At The Metropolitan Museum Of Art Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagessights and scenes. Many of you already know that I m famous for the mystical experiences I’ve had with Jesus and God in the past. Perhaps you’ve read my book? The Book of Margery Kempe? Yes, I Margery Kemp, got the opportunity to visit the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. There s over thousands of beautiful artwork, one visit won t suffice. I was captivated by everything I saw, but I was especially drawn into the magnificent gallery number 305. From the moment I stepped intoRead MoreAnalyzing The African Art Galleries On The Metropolitan Museum Of Art867 Words   |  4 Pages This paper will be describing and analyzing the African Art Galleries in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The galleries that will be critiqued in this paper are 350, 351, and 352. Gallery 350 (Samuel H. and Linda M. Lindenbaum Gallery) is an averaged size rectangular room that spans about the length of a sidewalk. The gallery contains several carved wooden sculptures, primarily located in the center of the gallery that immediately take over upon entering. While most objects are not enclosed in casesRead MoreMetropolitan Museum of Art Critical/Research Paper2303 Words   |  10 PagesThis work of art measures about 42 inches x 52 1/2 inches (â€Å"Venus and Adonis; Titian...†). The art was created using oil paint, a medium composed of pigments and varying types of vegetable oils, such as poppy, bear-seed, walnut, and linseed oils (Fra nk 122). The painting was done on stretched canvas, and thus it gives the painting a slight textured quality. The technique in which Titian painted this work accounts for the soft appearance of the colors. It can be observed that the paint is very well

A Proposal on Knowledge Management

Question: Discuss about A Proposal on Knowledge Management. Answer: Introduction: A report is to be prepared on Knowledge Management. It is to be noted that knowledge management is to extract the optimal knowledge from the resources the organisation possesses. On the organisational front, knowledge management is very well connected with the idea of intellectual capital(Hislop, 2013). The intellectual capital consists of Human Capital, Structural Capital and Social Capital. The human capital are expressed by the level of education, skills, expertise and attitude. The structural capital consisted of brand names, system and processes and sorts of management philosophy. The social capital is concerned with the relationship of the organisation with that of its customer, partners, employees and other stakeholders(Holsapple, 2013). The subject would be well understood if cited from an organisational aspect. To do so the instance of the Central Bank of Oman would be taken. The effective handling of the knowledge management, its usage and relevance with respect to the afor esaid organisation would be discussed. Background Knowledge is one of the most competitive resources and is concerned with the development as well as cultivation of systems which enable a company to improve, distribute, detect as well as leverage the assets of knowledge. 21st century is the era of knowledge and in order to progress, knowledge would play an inevitable part. So applies for the organisational progress of the Central Bank of Oman, knowledge management is very much essential as it takes into account of all the relevant facts to provide an effective platform for the same. Knowledge management (KM) consists of the following steps, which are: Generation of knowledge Sharing knowledge Adaption to knowledge Application of knowledge Creation of new knowledge. It can also be viewed as a process of input and output where the individual knowledge of a person is represented as the input which is then generated, created as well as integrated within the firm whereas the organizational knowledge represents the output (Fuller, 2012). Apart from being just a business of money, banking is also considered to be a business of information. Due to the change in the global environment of business banks are supposed to rationalize their products along with evaluating the part played by knowledge management in the improvement in competitiveness. Management of knowledge is essential in any type of organization including the banking sector. The most significant way which can help banks to create a competitive advantage is by leveraging knowledge. The initiatives for knowledge sharing should focus on the creation of an environment which would promote various cultural factors which incorporates the structures of communication and cohesiveness as well as professional autonomy. The creation of a work context should be emphasised by the banks which is distinguished by greater levels of organizational citizenship. This would result in the formation of mutual social relationships along with increasing the intentions of sharing knowledge. Furthermore, the inception of a knowledge sharing system is ought to aggrandize the knowledge sharing and communication at the workplace, specifically in organizations which are geographically dispersed from the technological viewpoint. Organizations should also focus on creating communities of practice within the workplace since the best way to attain knowledge sharing is through networks of humans. The employees should receive appropriate and adequate feedback from the managers regarding the attai nments of the referring communities (Holsapple, 2013). The sense of self-worth of an individual is enhanced through these actions and the behaviour of knowledge sharing is also motivated. Since the capability of generating new knowledge is highly pertinent to the intellectual capital in the banking sector, the banks should connote their own resilient mechanisms for the creation of knowledge so that ability of knowledge creation is improved. The knowledge creation in banks should be aimed on the sharing and exchange of information. The usual approach which might be adopted by the bank in question may comprise of workshops and brainstorming which team oriented. Expected Deliverables: In terms of knowledge management, the organisations like Central Bank of Oman has to deal with the deliverables of Data, Information and Knowledge. The aforesaid elements are an important part of the organisation as they are the stepping stone for the organisation which exposes them to the world wide open to the arena of the knowledge management. These three elements collaborate as a process to bring up the concept of knowledge management(Liebowitz Frank, 2016). Data Data is termed as the unprocessed facts which are very much required to create for an information(Hislop, 2013). It is the distinct information that needs to be structured in a special way which could be used by the organisation to serve its purpose. In the current scenario, data is stored in the software and programmed to make better use of it. Likewise the Central Bank of Oman has a wide set of diverse data which the organisation process to gain the right information. Information Information is the message which is derived by the interpretation of the data processed by the system(Holsapple, 2013). Information is a valuable resource as it influences the behaviour, decision or an upshot. The main purpose of information is to make for a change, so the change as happens create a value for the organisation. So if the information does not bring any change in the organisational scope, it is considered as valueless. For instance, OMR1000 was granted as a loan amount at an interest rate of 5% by the Central Bank of Oman. This statement gives the information that OMR1000 is the principal amount and 5% is the interest to be charged on the loan amount. KnowledgeKnowledge is to be derived from the information, the way it was derived from the data(Fuller, 2012). It is the fact or information or skill that is to be attained either through learnings or experience. It apparently contributes to the theoretical or practical understanding of the business. In short, knowledge stands to create for an awareness. Again, it is the knowledge that Central Bank of Oman is granting loan against an interest. Potential Risk: Knowledge management could pose problem to an organisation. Though the concept is utterly helpful to the organisation still it could be problematic as it might happen that the employees could not be ready to handle the data effectively and might stay away from it. This is because it needs the staff to upgrade their knowledge and for that they need to undergo rigorous training as required by the organisation. This kind of situation could be found everywhere. This problem is quite evident in case of a financial organisation like that of the Central Bank of Oman. This is because owing to a dynamic business situation, the financial market and mechanism are up for change at any moment. So the bankers has to keep them abreast with the latest information and knowledge to give their customers the best of service(Hislop, 2013). It is the situation where the employees does not seem to upgrade their knowledge or skills. But the same is quite important for the organisation to implement for its growth and to do so it needs the employees to be skilled of the latest technology or knowledge as the situation demands for. So the continuous updating of knowledge is a big challenge that the Central Bank of Oman counter. Approach to the Solution: Knowledge management should make for an initiative on its part to make the organisation and its people come together for a greater good. It is the systematic management of the knowledge of the firm taking into stride the importance of the assets in order to create a value. This is being done to meet the strategic and tactic needs of the organisation. Knowledge management could be a complex scenario but in order to make it acceptable, Central Bank of Oman should make it innovative and easily understandable(Fuller, 2012). It would help the organisational staffs to counter the issue of increasing domain convolution, growing market instability, exaggerated speed to get responses and declining individual experience. Knowledge management is the need of the day and in an emerging economy like Oman, it needs to be given due importance. This is because it is the tool which would give boost to the organisation of the Central Bank of Oman to have a glorious run to its path of progress. The primary aim of knowledge management is to facilitate the operational and functional activities within the organization and in this case the primary importance for the bank would be the implementation of appropriate Knowledge management system structure that would help in eliminating the conflicts as better management framework will be developed (Haines, 2016). It is imperative to develop cultural construction that would help in motivating individuals. There are various initiatives has been undertaken in this context and they are as follows- Managing domain convolution Domain convolutionmanagement is oneof the most emerging issues that has to be carried out with the helpof appropriate techniques and modern technologicalapplications that would help in serving thebest possible functional activities within the organization. Economic instability This refers to the presence of excessive fluctuations in the macro economy due to unemployment rates, inflation, rising prices and consumer confidence issues. It affects the ability of a business to survive along with affecting hugely the cost of living as well as financial, emotional and physical well-being of the consumers and families. Framework and hypothesis of study System quality This refers to the effectiveness, speed, ease and completeness of the function of storage of knowledge management system. In a qualitative study, it has been found that ease of storage encourages people in contributing their knowledge. Hypothesis: the sharing of knowledge to a repository knowledge management system improves with the improvement in the system quality. Service quality The assessment of service quality is done by 5 characteristics: empathy, assurance, responsiveness, training and reliability. It is a significant criterion for the effective deployment of KM system. Hypothesis: the knowledge sharing is improved by a greater service quality to a repository KM system. Management support It signifies the clarification of importance, vision and goals of KMS as well as providing encouragement to the end-users. The acknowledgement and open approval of knowledge exchange by the management diminishes the fear of the individual experts that they would lose their value. Moreover, when employees are provided with the time for knowledge sharing they are encouraged to put effort in it. Management support is extremely crucial to endorse knowledge management along with changing the attitudes of the employees (Haines, 2016). In the Arab culture, managers are considered to be high authority therefore, when they support KMS it instantly boosts the confidence of the employees to share their knowledge. Hypothesis: the knowledge sharing is improved by a greater management support to a repository KM system. Rewards policy Rewards are incentives which might be non-trivial or non-monetary. This is a vital factor since the depth and range of a project in KMS is based on the employee participation for creating and codifying their knowledge for the use of others. Rewards does influences the participants to gather the required knowledge and implement the same in the organisational scope to create for a mutual growth. So by setting a reward policy the organisation could influence its staff to participate in the training and from the staffs side, the rewarding system is a motivational factor which they accept wholeheartedly. Hypothesis: the knowledge sharing is improved by aneffectiverewards policy to a repository KM system. Peers trustworthiness Trust can be described as a set of mutual expectations which are shared by people who are involved in exchange and collaboration. In the context of sharing of knowledge, trust refers to the trustworthiness of the utilizers of knowledge. If the sellers of knowledge are not being paid enough credit by the buyers, the sellers do not get anything. Hence, peers trustworthiness diminishes the fears of the owners and motivates them to share. Hypothesis: the knowledge sharing is improved by peers trustworthiness to a repository KM system. Individual benefits There are various benefits which might be gained by individuals from the contribution of their knowledge to a repository KM system. These benefits are associated with benefits which are tangible such as promotions or increment in long term salary or intangible ones such as performance benefits, autonomy and reputation (Hislop, 2013). By having the requisite knowledge they could be an important asset for the organisation as human resources are the most important resource in the organisational front. So this aspect of the KM should be highlighted to the staff to be a part of the mechanism. Hypothesis: the individual benefits are higher when the knowledge sharing to a repository KM system is higher. Literature review Knowledge sharing process Knowledge sharing process one of the most effective approach that helps in delivering knowledge and guidance to the other employees with the supervision from the primary leaders. With the help of this particular process the available knowledge is shared throughout the member to execute a particular activity in an innovative way that brings several advantages to the organization and also increase the overall reliability. In the word of (), knowledge sharing through repository KMS is primarily referred to a codification and storage process. In this particular case, the repository KMS can be implanted by the manager as it involves data management along with domain facilitation. On the other hand, it will also help in protecting the significant data because in banking sector the data protection is one of the most significant initiatives that have to be done in way that would provide the best system defence. Repository KMS is a traditional process that involve a network model which helps in synchronising all the activities. This particular approach also provides a major support to the organization by delivering organizational memory (OM) that provide articulate knowledge to the organizational members regarding the operational and functional activities and better execution took place. Thu, OM is a remarkable conflict solution process which provides a major platform to the organization members to reapply the workplace knowledge and enlarge the knowledge sharing. The transmission of cultural routines results in adaptation and familiarity of the individual employees within this change management process as it is a major aspects to maintain the quality of service as well as security and safety of data (Haines, 2016). Repository KMS is entirely dependent upon the amount and quality of knowledge which is being structured within the system and there are several social inhibitors are present that provide critical significance to the system. Determinants of knowledge sharing It is evident from various knowledge management studies that the deployment of the concept of knowledge management in a particular organization depends upon several activities and factors which include various social and technical factors that provide critical impact to the knowledge sharing behaviour. Most importantly, the reliable working culture development should be the prime importance that would help in better working framework development along with the effective implementation of knowledge management process. DeLone and Mcleans provide an innovative model in the years of 2003 which is regarded as IS success model. There are some technical factors that may provide critical impact to the information quality, system quality and service quality. However, the organizational culture has to be more reliable and familiar with professional working condition that would helps in better knowledge and data management. Organization culture can be regarded as the combination of value, belie fs and practices that would help in achieving the best possible productivity of the organizations. Motivation is one of the most significant factors that provide crucial impact to the internal stakeholders significantly to the employees because their contribution and hard out make ach of companys goals successful (Liebowitz Frank, 2016). According to Herzberg two factors theory motivational factors helps in better knowledge sharing and, thus, motivational theory implementation along with the knowledge management process would be the most suitable way for the manager particularly in banking sector to maintain the reliable working culture along with enhanced productivity. Therefore, the appropriate management should be carried out according to the need of the organization and the conflicts of knowledge management play a crucial role in streamlining of organizational activities. Barriers to Knowledge Management within Arab Countries The primary reason which has proved as a hindrance in the revelation of knowledge and communication is culture. The main reasons for the deficiency of KM are as follows: Differences in culture and beliefs between the western and Arab nations. The rate of illiteracy is high among the population The availability as well as dependability of technology and communication networks is poor and the investment in RD is lacking. Several political factors such as quitting the country by political dissenters take their knowledge away with them which gives rise to the phenomenon of brain drain. The shortage of skills which is recently being faced in the Arab regions can be regarded to be a prime factor in the lack of successful implementation of knowledge management as many of the employees are not sufficiently trained to effectively implement the practices of knowledge management. In addition to this, differences in culture which are relevant to trust prove that with the context of the Arabian world, knowledge sharing can only be done with individuals by the managers with whom they have established a strong relationship which is based on trust and confidence. The accentuation on personal relationships might prove to be a key obstacle in the formal sharing of knowledge within the organizations. According to the American Productivity and Quality Centre (APQC) 6 emerging strategies for knowledge management have been identified which have been noted down below: Knowledge strategy as business strategy Here knowledge is treated as the product and the strategy is comprehensive and runs throughout the enterprise. Intellectual asset management strategy Here the assets of the company are either exploited or enhanced. Personal knowledge asset responsibility strategy Employees should be encouraged and assisted to develop as well as share their knowledge and skills. Knowledge creation strategy RD should be used to accentuate the innovation as well as creation of the new knowledge. Knowledge transfer strategy In order to improve the efficiency and quality of the operations best practices and knowledge should be transferred. Customer focused knowledge strategy This focuses on understanding the needs of the customers better. Systems Thinking: System thinking is the understanding of the system which studies the connexions and communications between the machineries comprising of the entire defined system (Haines, 2016). The concept of systems thinking is concerned with the thought of how well integrated are the systems and in case of any sort of failure how it could be traced and made up for it. This approach would be very relevant to counter the issues as come across for the Central Bank of Oman(Liebowitz Frank, 2016). The banking system is an integrated process and the components associated could point out the particular lacking in any case if faced by the organisation. Gant chart Knowledge Management Major Activities Start Time End Time Duration (days) Problem Identification 25.06.2016 26.06.2016 1 day Potential risk identification 27.06.2016 29.06.2016 3 days Project development Planning 30.06.2016 2.07.2016 3 days Preliminary development phrase 3.07.2016 6.07.2016 4 days Approach to the solution 7.07.2016 9.07.2016 3 days Managing domain convolution 10.07.2016 11.07.2016 2 days Economic instability management 12.07.2016 14.07.2016 3 days System quality management initiatives 15.07.2016 17.07.2016 3 days Service quality assessment 18.07.2016 20.07.2016 3 days Management support development 21.07.2016 23.07.2016 3 days Finalising the project 24.07.2016 25.07.2016 2 days Recommendation: The situation erupting out of the effective handling of the knowledge management could be done with the initiation of a suitable approach to it. The strategic competitiveness of the knowledge management calls in for the implementation of the systems thinking.It could be applied on the organisational scope of Central Bank of Oman to get the matter rightly settled. It would point out the failure that a particular component might lead to and work out a solution for it. References Fuller, S., 2012. Knowledge management foundations. London: Routledge. Haines, S., 2016. The systems thinking approach to strategic planning and management. London: CRC Press. Hislop, D., 2013. Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. London: Oxford University Press. Holsapple, C. (., 2013. Handbook on knowledge management 1: Knowledge matters. Vol. 1 ed. London: Springer Science Business Media. Liebowitz, J. Frank, M. (., 2016. Knowledge management and e-learning. London: CRC press.

Diabetes Management in Indigenous Community †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Diabetes Management in Indigenous Community. Answer: Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most important chronic disorders that are affecting the nation at an alarming rate. The indigenous people are the most affected in comparison to the non-indigenous people and requires attention of both the government and the private sectors of healthcare and social care. Data which has been extracted from the studies of 2012 to 2013 as shown that the prevalence of diabetes in the Aboriginals and the Torres Islanders ranged from 9 to 11% which is more than 3time that of the numbers of the non-indigenous people. Studies even show that in the year 2012 to 2013, indigenous people were seen to be 4 times higher in comparison to that of the non-indigenous people who are hospitalized for the disorder of diabetes (Regan et al., 2017). Therefore, these results confirm the fact that aboriginals are not being able to manage and take care of themselves as well as not being able to access proper health care from the urban healthcare centers like that of the non-indigenous p eople (Shepherd et al., 2016). Hence, it becomes extremely important for social care workers to develop a proper group by which each of the members can help in addressing each of the issues properly and help the aboriginals to develop proper quality lives. The aboriginals and Torres Islander people had lived hunter-gatherer lifestyle until the 18th century until the arrival of the Europeans in 1788. Adverse changes in their physical activities as well as nutrition took place in the second half of the 20th century that resulted in the occurrence of diabetes in them. The researchers already state that in the present generation economic opportunity, social conditions as well as physical infrastructure play an important role in the health condition of all individuals and communities (Webster et al., 2017). In case of the aboriginals, it is also seen that the above tree aspects of better and healthy living are compromised in case of aboriginals that had become the main healthcare determinants of the occurrence of diabetes. Lack of knowledge and health literacy, proper exposure to healthy living, lack of economic stability to but healthy food and many others are the contributors to the occurrence of the disorders. Diabetes results in poor qu ality life of the patients as series of other different disorders are found to be intricately associated with the disorders (Leung, 2016). Circulatory complications may take place like angina, heart attack, stroke as well as peripheral vascular diseases. Renal complications mainly include diabetic neuropathy as well as chronic kidney failure. Diabetic retinopathy, cataracts as well as glaucoma also take place in the individuals. Peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy also occur in individuals. All these result in poor quality life of the cohort and increased rates of hospitalizations (Spurr et al., 2018). Initiatives that need to be taken by the new group: The group that will be formed should be such that they can successfully conduct five important aspects that are related with the issues of the diabetes management. The group would be at first taking the initiative of proper health risk assessment of the individuals. The members should make sure that proper tool as Australian type 2 diabetes risk assessment tool(AUSDRISK)is used in a culturally sensitive ways to identify the high-risk individuals and accordingly take interventions for their betterment. The second imitative would be delivering proper health education program that should be categorized accordingly to the children and adolescents and the other group of the adults (Zwar et al., 2017). The third initiative that should be taken by the individuals is the promotion of lifestyle modification programs that will mainly focus on the changes of lifestyle habits like physical activity and weight loss systems. The last factor that should be taken is proper evaluation strategies by w hich the members of the groups can assess the results of the initiatives taken and accordingly try their best to help the individuals overcome the disorders. Besides, some members of the group have to take the responsibility of advocating and trying their best to manage the issues through miscellaneous social activities properly (Nguyen et al., 2016). These might include arrangement of proper medications, advocating for their needs to the local government, arranging for resources, conveying concerns of the aboriginals to the governments and so on. The group that will be developed will have 20 members who will be addressing the different sections of the initiatives that will be taken for management of diabetes among the cohort. 5 diabetic educators would be introduced into the group out of which two of them would be mainly addressing the education of the children and adolescents. These two educators will be chosen such that they remain well knowledgeable about the communication styles and cognitive power analysis of such children and adolescents (Marley et al., 2015). The rest 3 of the educators old be mainly addressing the education plans of the adults making them develop heath literacy so that they can change required habits for better living. Four of the embers out of the 20 member team would take upon the responsibility to conduct the lifestyle modification programs. Here, they will urge all the community members to participate and help them develop knowledge about lifestyle modification through simple community programs. T his would include activities like physical exercise programs, swimming sessions in the form of sports, help them learn how to measure blood glucose properly without assistance of health professionals and others (Scienerout et al., 2016). Six of the members would be mainly conducting the social activities and advocate effectively for the different necessities which would support the aboriginals to overcome the issues successfully. They would be interacting with the local authorities, governmental representatives, different public healthcare organizations and others to try their best to bring out positive outcomes on the patients. Three of the people will be mainly given the responsibility of conducting the risk assessments and evaluation of the results to understand whether any issues are occurring or further changes are required or not. Rest two members would mainly act as the coordinator who would be monitoring all the activities, conducting the meetings, developing programs and co mmunicating necessary interventions. They would be also looking over the financial outflow and thereby conduct the financial planning as well. How the issues will be addressed: The members who will be the educators would develop early year education and intervention programs that will help in providing a sequential systematic approach for developing nutritional status of infants and children. Researchers suggest that if children are educated from young age, they will tend to develop better diet habits in their future. Moreover, education sessions would be arranged in the communities where adults would be guided about the importance of effective diet and weight management and how these could result in prevention of diabetes (Scheirout et al., 2016). They would be able to develop healthy body and mind along with resilience and self-regulation so that they can make effective choices. The individuals who will be conducting the lifestyle management programs would mainly guide the individuals about how to keep one fit both physically and mentally by taking up exercising activities, swimming, physical workout, yoga, meditation and others. They would be also taught about how they can measure their own activities successfully and can understand whether they are at risk or their blood glucose level is normal (Dreger et al., 2015). There would be also members who would be increasing the availability as well as access of the healthy foods, limit the advertisements of unhealthy foods, improve housing, arranging of rural healthcare campaigns once a week, advocating their issues to the concerned authorities and others. There would be members who would be conducting risk assessment of individuals to identify those who are at higher risks and should treat them on an urgent basis to help them development good quality life and lessen their sufferings. Moreover, evaluation should be done effectively to find out how the cohort is responding to the different interventions (Adams et al., 2017). Accordingly, changes would be made by the group is required. Planning and meetings: The team members should address each of the community individually and about 3 to 4 months would be assigned for each of the communities. Within these 4 months, the coordinators will play the main role in the planning and arrangement of the meetings and conferences. The meetings would be held in the community halls after seeking permission from the community heads (Oso et al., 2016). Every member should make sure to attend the meetings in order to discuss two important aspects the planning of the programs of the following week and the status of the initiatives that was taken the previous week. The meetings would be help on Saturdays every week that would be held for 3 to 4 hours. The members would be requested to submit a report of the response of the target individuals and the farther planning of the interventions that the members would be providing in the coming weeks (Vasant et al., 2016). Another important aspect of the meeting would be to discuss any barriers that the embers wo uld be facing in their respective fields. The team would try to brainstorm the issue, collaboratively find the solutions to the barriers, and proceed farther in their goals and objectives. What issues the groups may face: Aboriginal culture and their different communities are found to be widely diverse. There are different nations, tribes as well as groups living in the remote regions of Australia who have their own cultural traditions, preferences and inhibitions. Therefore, if the group applies one size fits for all technique, the goals and objectives would never be met and the aboriginals would never be able to connect emotionally with the initiatives taken for them. Therefore, members need to tailor the ways of their working as well as their communication so that the needs of the communities can be met. Therefore, developing such a varied knowledge of the respective cultural traditions would be stressful for the members that may affect them physically and be emotionally tiring (Chung et al., 2014). Moreover, another important factor is that there are many cultural as well as historical factors that need to be acknowledged by the members, as they would be working closely with the people. Developing a vast knowledge about the background of the cohort requires huge time and dedication. It might happen that the members may not be able to develop such knowledge at one go or may not be able to be culturally sensitive due to the lack of cultural awareness and sensitivity. This may result in tensions among the members and the cohort that may lead to the failure of the project. Therefore, members should provide services, programs and interventions that align with their cultures and provides them scope in active participation and decision-making. The member who has the responsibility to tackle the risk assessment and evaluation parts would develop a questionnaire. This questionnaire would be circulated in the communities at the end week of a particular month. The members would be surveying the aboriginals in different aspects of the programs and how they are perceiving it. The questionnaires should also note down their feelings in closed questions in the questionnaires only. These will be in the marking system of Likert five-point scale where strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree and strongly agree would be present. The cohort would be requested to submit their answers through interview systems and the answers would be noted. These data would then be statistically analyzed to find out the efficiency of the different interventions taken (Grigg et al., 2017). Following the statistical data, the group can reach to a conclusion about the efficiency of the projects, planning, interventions and programs. Another important met hod of evaluation would be the analysis of the reports that are submitted by the group members individually. The reports should show positive outcomes with increasing intensity with the passing of the number of weeks. The results of the analysis of the reports would also help in effective evaluation of the status of the projects Conclusion: From the entire discussion, it becomes clear that diabetes is one the leading cause of suffering among the aboriginals and Torres Islanders. Therefore, it becomes important for the social acre activists to take important initiatives to help them overcome negative outcomes of diabetes on their lives. Therefore, effective teamwork is very important to help them overcome improper habits, lifestyle modification, develop health literacy and get access to proper resources according to their needs. Therefore, a twenty-member team would be developed who would have respective responsibilities to address the aspects of their health and take important initiatives to help them develop good quality lives. Cultural barriers may result but proper cultural knowledge and awareness would help in overcoming such barriers. Proper evaluation of the interventions would help in understanding the stats of the interventions and would help in achieving the goals of the team. References: Adams, K., Liebzeit, A., Browne, J., Atkinson, P. (2017). Hows Your Sugar? Evaluation of a Website for Aboriginal People With Diabetes.JMIR Diabetes, Vol2(1), pp e6. Retrieved from: https://diabetes.jmir.org/2017/1/e6/ Chung, F., Herceg, A., Bookallil, M. (2014). Diabetes clinic attendance improves diabetes management in an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population.Australian family physician,Vol 43(11), pp 797 retrieved from https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=748589436438389;res=IELHEA Dreger, L. C., Mackenzie, C., McLeod, B. (2015). Acceptability and suitability of mindfulness training for diabetes Management in an Indigenous Community.Mindfulness, Vol6(4), 885-898. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0332-0 Dreger, L. C., Mackenzie, C., McLeod, B. (2015). Feasibility of a mindfulness-based intervention for Aboriginal adults with type 2 diabetes.Mindfulness,Vol 6(2), pp 264-280 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0257-z Grigg, A., Thommasen, H. V., Tildesley, H., Michalos, A. C. (2017). Comparing Self-rated Health, Satisfaction and Quality of Life Scores Between Diabetics and Others Living in the Bella Coola Valley. InConnecting the Quality of Life Theory to Health, Well-being and Education(pp. 137-150). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51161-0_6 Iso, K., Mukai, K., Kakumae, Y., Ishi, K., Ohuchi, H. (2016). The relationship between CVR-R and 2-year glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice,120, S150. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8227(16)3 pp 1314-6 Leung, L. (2016). Diabetes mellitus and the Aboriginal diabetic initiative in Canada: An update review.Journal of family medicine and primary care,Vol 5(2), pp 259. doi:10.4103/2249-4863.192362 Marley, J. V., Oh, M. S., Hadgraft, N., Singleton, S., Isaacs, K., Atkinson, D. (2015). Cross-sectional comparison of point-of-care with laboratory HbA1c in detecting diabetes in real-world remote Aboriginal settings.BMJ open,Vol 5(3), e006277. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006277 Nguyen, H. D., Chitturi, S., Maple?Brown, L. J. (2016). Management of diabetes in Indigenous communities: lessons from the Australian Aboriginal population.Internal medicine journal,Vol 46(11), pp 1252-1259. https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.13123 Regan, T., Paul, C., Ishiguchi, P., DEste, C., Koller, C., Forshaw, K., ... Eades, S. (2017). Comparison of Two Sources of Clinical Audit Data to Assess the Delivery of Diabetes Care in Aboriginal Communities.International journal of environmental research and public health,Vol 14(10), pp 1236. doi:10.3390/ijerph14101236 Schierhout, G., Matthews, V., Connors, C., Thompson, S., Kwedza, R., Kennedy, C., Bailie, R. (2016). Improvement in delivery of type 2 diabetes services differs by mode of care: a retrospective longitudinal analysis in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care setting.BMC health services research,Vol 16(1), pp 560. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1812-9 Shephard, M., OBrien, C., Burgoyne, A., Croft, J., Garlett, T., Barancek, K., ... Shephard, A. (2016). Review of the cultural safety of a national Indigenous point-of-care testing program for diabetes management.Australian journal of primary health,Vol 22(4), pp 368-374. https://doi.org/10.1071/PY15050 Spurr, S., Bullin, C., Bally, J., Trinder, K., Khan, S. (2018). Nurse-led diabetic retinopathy screening: a pilot study to evaluate a new approach to vision care for Canadian Aboriginal peoples.International journal of circumpolar health, Vol77(1), pp 1422670. https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2017.1422670 Vasant, B. R., Matthews, V., Burgess, C. P., Connors, C. M., Bailie, R. S. (2016). Wide variation in absolute cardiovascular risk assessment in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with Type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in public health,Vol 4, 37. ttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00037 Webster, E., Johnson, C., Kemp, B., Smith, V., Johnson, M., Townsend, B. (2017). Theory that explains an Aboriginal perspective of learning to understand and manage diabetes.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,Vol 41(1), pp 27-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12605 Zwar, N., Harris, M., Griffiths, R., Roland, M., Dennis, S., Powell Davies, G., Hasan, I. (2017). A systematic review of chronic disease management. retrieved from https://openresearch repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/119226/3/final_25_zwar_pdf_85791.pdf